以混合整數規劃優化校園淨零碳排可行措施之總成本

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题名:	以混合整數規劃優化校園淨零碳排可行措施之總成本
作者:	李慈意;LEE, TZU-YI
贡献者:	工業管理研究所
关键词:	淨零碳排;永續發展;再生能源;能源規劃;Net Zero Emissions;Sustainable Development;Renewable energy;Energy Planning
日期:	2023-07-18
上传时间:	2024-09-19 14:36:53 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	世界各國陸續提出「2050 淨零排放」的行動，期望在能源效率、行為改變、電氣化及可再生能源等技術下實現關鍵減碳。校園作為帶動社會進步的關鍵角色，面對未來能源成本上升，如何在有限的資源下實施節能措施，十分關鍵。永續校園的第一步就是如何減少使用二氧化碳，發展再生能源與儲電裝置是目前最常見之方法，提高再生能源可用性的一種方法是同時使用兩種或多種能源來設計，藉以提高系統效率，特別是當風能和太陽能相結合時。因此本研究基於以上原因，探討校園達成淨零碳排之可行方案，以最小化總成本為目標，期望最大程度的施行減碳措施。為了明確闡述減碳效益，研究中欲提出兩項減碳排方法，分別為：改善照明系統以及架設再生能源發電與儲能電池裝置，並採用混合整數規劃(MIP)作為數學模型的求解方式，探討校園是否可以藉由執行以上措施，達成淨零碳排之目標，使永續發展議題實際執行於生活中。結果顯示，提出之兩項淨零碳排措施同時施行時，可以使模型產生最小總成本。模型之最佳結果再生能源發電裝置占總可用面積的 88 %，而須額外向台電購電費用及模型中所有考量之成本，最後模型求出之最小化總成本為 2,914,963 元，碳排放量降低之幅度達到 45.2 %。研究也針對台灣未來淨零碳排目標，進行電力能源去碳化之規劃為總電力 60-70 %，以及課徵碳稅之政策。結果顯示，在本研究中欲達到此結果，每度電需徵收新台幣 5-10 元才得以滿足。綜合上述所述，雖然現階段因再生能源、儲能裝置成本高，而台電電價低，導致投資意願難以提升，但這些措施確實可以幫助研究場域降低碳排量。未來，研究場域隨著碳稅的徵收以及均化能源成本的降低，相信可以減少向電力公司購電及自行發電的成本。;Countries have proposed the "2050 Net Zero Emissions" action, expecting to achieve carbon reduction through technologies such as energy efficiency, behavior change, electrification and renewable energy. As a key role, campuses are crucial to implementing energy-saving measures with limited resources in the face of rising energy costs in the future. The first step is how to reduce the use of CO2. The development of renewable energy and power storage devices is the most common method. One way to improve the availability of renewable energy is to use two or more energy sources at the same time to improve system efficiency. Especially when wind and solar are combined. Therefore, based on the above reasons, this study explores the feasible schemes for campuses to achieve net zero carbon emissions, with the goal of minimizing the total cost and expecting to implement carbon reduction measures to the greatest extent. In order to clarify the benefits of carbon reduction, the research intends to propose two methods for reducing carbon emissions: improving the lighting system and erecting distributed power generation and energy storage devices. The goal of zero carbon emission enables the practical implementation of sustainable development issues in life. The results show that the two proposed net-zero carbon measures, implemented together, lead to the smallest overall cost to the model. The best result of the model. Distributed power generation devices account for 88% of the total available area, and additional electricity purchase fees from Taipower and all the costs considered in the model are required. The final minimum total cost calculated by the model is NTD$ 2,914,963 , and carbon emissions are reduced and the rate reached 45.2%. The study also aimed at Taiwan′s future net zero carbon emission goals, planning for decarbonization of power energy to 60-70% of the total power, and the policy of imposing carbon taxes. The results show that in this study, to achieve this result, each kWh Only NTD $ 5-10 can be charged. To sum up the above, although at the current stage, due to the high cost of renewable energy and energy storage devices, and the low electricity price of Taipower, it is difficult to increase investment willingness, but these measures can indeed help the research field reduce carbon emissions. In the future, the research field will follow the collection of carbon tax and the reduction of levelized energy costs are believed to reduce the cost of purchasing electricity from power companies and generating electricity by ourselves.
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