| 摘要: | 近年來中國、南韓、歐盟、美國與我國等各國競爭法主關機關均對於高通公司多有關注，其原因均在於高通公司以其所擁有之行動通訊標準技術專利作為仰仗，在佔據優勢之市場地位的同時建構出一套完整之商業模式，藉此長期於行動通訊產業市場中汲取龐大之利潤。而自2015年起，中國、南韓、歐盟、美國與我國先後對於高通公司進行調查與處分，除美國尚未作成完整判決外，其餘等國均對於高通公司祭予高額重罰，引起國際矚目。而我國則是於進行處分後，罕見地出現和解大轉彎之情形。有鑒於我國針對標準必要專利及FRAND承諾之競爭法相關案件累積尚少，審查標準尚未臻完善，且標準必要專利與FRAND承諾相關案件中必定存在錯綜複雜且千變萬化之市場結構狀態、商業行為及其所產生之各種限制競爭效果與於經濟層面上之正面效益，倘若沒有較完善且明確之審理方針，即容易產生影響產業未來發展或傷害市場競爭現狀之後果。是以本文即意在經由對於FRAND承諾法律爭議之抽絲剝繭後，嘗試剖析審查標準必要專利權人違背FRAND承諾之各該行為時，所應考量之各種具體因素，建構具體明確的標準必要專利權人違背FRAND承諾行為之競爭法審查標準，並對於現行競爭法進行增修建議，以求達成智慧財產權法與競爭法間保護目的間之平衡，同時維護我國經濟及技術之發展與市場競爭之健全狀態。;In recent years, the competition authorities of China, South Korea, the European Union, the United States, and Taiwan all have paid lots of attention to Qualcomm. The reason why they did so was because Qualcomm relied on its standards-essential patents of mobile communication technology to take dominant market position, and in the same time, Qualcomm also built a complete set of business model in order to draw a huge amount of profit from the mobile communications industry market.
Since 2015, China, South Korea, the European Union, the United States, and Taiwan have successively investigated and punished Qualcomm. Except for the U.S., which has not yet made a complete judgment, the rest of the countries all made the decision to impose large amount of fine upon Qualcomm, which has attracted international attention. In Taiwan, after FTC made that decision, a rare condition happened. FTC reconsidered about the development of 5G technology, and changed its mind by reaching a reconciliation with Qualcomm. This situation took place because of lacking of the experience about dealing with cases regarding standards-essential patents and FRAND commitments. And also because the mode of how to exam this kind of issues has not yet been build.
Since cases about standards-essential patents and FRAND commitments are usually complicated, and if dealing with the cases without a sound and clear review policy, it would be likely to harm the future development of an industry and the status of market competition, so this thesis intends to find out each factors that should be considered when a competition authority or a court examining a case about violating FRAND commitments. In the same time, this thesis also intends to construct a specific and clear "competition law review standard for violations of FRAND commitments" in order to achieve a balance between the protection of intellectual property rights and the protection of healthy market environment, while maintaining the sound state of economic and technological development. |
