| 摘要: | 隨著醫療產業、汽車航太科技的進步，其耐熱半導體元件－LED散熱基板的市場也不斷擴張。目前市面上的LED散熱基板以薄膜陶瓷基板為主。由於陶瓷材料其高電阻、高頻特性突出，且具有高熱導率、高度化學穩定性、高熱穩定性和高熔點等優點，讓陶瓷基板適用於各類電子元件，尤其在醫療、航太、汽車、太陽能產業的產品內扮演重要角色，這也促進LED陶瓷基板在需求市場的成長。
然而在LED散熱基板的製程中，工廠的產能是有限制的，亦即每生產一批產品皆會瓜分數個機台設備資源。工廠內同作業的製程有數條生產線，而這些生產線中，各機台設備有不同的設置時間、使用年份，各產品的特性等，這些條件皆會影響製程時間，除此之外在生產過程中，臨時調機的狀況亦是影響製程時間的因素之一。
在工廠內部作業中，生產排程主要是由生管單位做安排，但是在實務上，生管單位因為不了解機台狀況及產品特性，無法針對各產品做出最妥當的生產順序。因此日生產排程往往到了現場製造單位，又會經過一次調整。這導致生管單位無法如一開始生產規劃的順序去追蹤生產現況，當若有緊急工件需要即時追蹤時，往往需要派額外的人力去做現場產品追蹤，不僅浪費人力，同時因為該動作增加各部門間的摩擦。
因此，本論文的主軸將會考慮到上述實際生產情形，進行無關聯平行機台生產排程問題的求解。挑選具有材料汙染性問題的化鍍製程之特性做為本論文的研究範圍，在加入因材料需臨時調機的考量後，又新增工件時窗限制，以增加生管單位可以針對緊急工件做出相應的優先安排加工順序之彈性。最後本研究使用模擬退火演算法來進行求解，透過該方法，避免陷入區域最佳解之困境，同時也能在短時間內獲得有效的排程解。;With the advancement of the medical industry and automotive aerospace technology, the market of the LED heat-dissipation substrate has expanded continually. Currently, the LED heat-dissipation substrates are mainly thin-film ceramic substrates. Due to the advantages of high electrical resistance, high-frequency characteristics, high thermal conductivity, high chemical stability, high thermal stability and high melting point, ceramic substrates are suitable for various electronic components, especially in medical, aerospace, and automotive industry, which also promotes the growth demand of LED ceramic substrates.
However, the production of a batch of products will use several machine equipment resources in the manufacturing process. There are several production lines in the same manufacturing process in the factory. Each machine has different product characteristics, such as different setup time, year of use. These conditions will affect the process time. Besides, the temporary adjustment is also one of the factors affecting the process time.
In the internal operation of the factory, the production schedule is mainly arranged by the production department. However, in practice, because the production department does not understand the machine conditions and the product characteristics, it cannot make the most proper production order for each product. The production schedule is often adjusted in the on-site manufacturing unit, it causes the problem for the production department cannot track the current production status according to the initial production order. Therefore, if there is a need for immediate tracking of the emergency component, it is often necessary to send extra manpower to on-site. It not only wastes human resources but also increases the frictions between departments.
Therefore, the research will consider the above-mentioned actual production situation, carrying out the production scheduling problem of the unrelated parallel machine. The research considers the factors of temporary adjustment due to materials and the limit of component time window so that increasing the flexibility of prioritizing the processing sequence of the emergency component. The research scope is based on the electroless plating process with material contamination problems. Finally, the research adopts the simulated annealing algorithm to solve the problem. By using the simulated annealing algorithm, it avoids the dilemma of getting into the optimal solution of the region and can also obtain an effective scheduling solution in a short time. |
