廢棄輪胎逆物流之利潤分析;Analysis of the profit of scrap tires

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题名:	廢棄輪胎逆物流之利潤分析;Analysis of the profit of scrap tires
作者:	林芩羽;Lin, Chin-Yu
贡献者:	工業管理研究所
关键词:	廢棄輪胎;逆物流;成本利潤分析;線性規劃;敏感度分析;scrap tires;reverse logistics;cost-benefit analysis;linear programming;sensitivity analysis
日期:	2018-07-19
上传时间:	2018-08-31 11:26:36 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	在臺灣輪胎105年度的營業量(進口量)除了創下將近21萬公噸的驚人商機外，廢棄輪胎的回收量也高達12萬噸。而廢棄輪胎由於其外型及橡膠性質，若存放或處理不當易造成不可抹滅的災害，如蚊蟲孳生、火災、水汙染及空氣汙染等。而臺灣目前處理廢棄輪胎的主要處理方式為粉碎加工(14%)、輔助燃料(66.1%)以及熱裂解(12.5%)。而輔助燃料雖作為主要處理廢胎的方式，但由於近年來空汙規範愈加嚴苛，該處理方式的產出物無法成功營銷至再利用機構，導致臺灣目前缺少完善的回收、處理及營銷市場機制。幸運的是臺灣熱裂解廠商已成功突破以往熱裂解的困境，對於廢棄輪胎的處理有革命性的發展。因此本研究欲根據文獻探討中的模型、成本利潤分析以及經濟價值等資料，建構一個考慮產能限制、成本及利潤的整數線性規劃模型，主要目的在於能夠透過該模型分配適當廢棄輪胎的數量給不同處理方式，以達到利潤最大化；接著本研究將分析各參數對於總利潤的影響力。最後經本研究分析後，在最佳解的結果中，並未規劃給輔助燃料的廢胎處理數量，而粉碎加工與熱裂解的處理數量分別為74,000,000以及36,000,000公斤。整體利潤也從原本-32,298,675轉虧為盈，最佳解的總利潤為185,595,084。 ;In Taiwan, the annual turnover of Taiwan’s tire is 210,000 metric tons, then, it also cause the number of waste tires is up to 120,000 tons. Due to the shape and the properties of tire, if we haven’t the store plan properly, waste tires will cause the indelible disasters, such as breeding sites for mosquitoes and rodents, fire, health hazards, water pollution, and air pollution. The treatment method for scrap tires are rubber recycling (14%), the use of tire derived fuel (TDF, 66.1%), and pyrolysis (12.5%) in Taiwan. Although TDF is the main treatment method of scrap tires, it can’t consume all output of TDF from treatment factory to sales marketing because of the harsh air pollution regulations in recent years. As a result, the whole processing of scrap tires isn’t currently the completely mechanism. Fortunately, the pyrolysis had the breakthrough development in Taiwan, the pyrolysis’s factory solved the problem of being unable to commercialize and improved their technology for carbon black. It is the significant and revolutionary development of scrap tires. Therefore, we intend to allocate appropriate amount of scrap tires for each treatment methods based on the literature review. Then, we will construct an integer linear programming that considers the capacity, profits, processing costs, and purchasing costs. And we can allocate appropriate amount of scrap tires for each treatment methods through this model to achieve maximum profitability. Then, we will analyze the influence of each parameter on our objective. We found that TDF is not planned in the result of the optimal solution by the model. And the amount of rubber recycling and pyrolysis is 74,000 and 36,000 tons. The total profit also turned from a loss to a profit, the origin is -32 million and the optimal is 185 million.
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