日新月異的科技發展帶領醫療技術持續提升，同時也使得人類壽命的延長。近年來，無論是已開發國家或是開發中國家皆面臨高齡化人口增長的現象，接踵而至的是龐大的照護需求。老年人的長期照護政策以及照護資源規劃皆成為高齡化國家所需要思考的重要課題，有鑑於此，許多國家醫療衛生資源分配不均之問題，如何公平的分配醫療照護資源，也成為當今長期照護政策實行下所要面對的重要議題。 本研究在現今的長期照護政策背景下，以醫療資源配置作為探討議題。考量到國家在進行資源分配時，資源多半容易集中於人口較密集且交通易達性高以及經濟發展程度高的地區，反觀人口稀疏、交通不便利的偏鄉地區資源相對匱乏。因此，以醫療資源匱乏的偏鄉地區作為探討範圍，透過政策制定和實施，與特定醫院協作，每週於固定時段安排醫生前往偏鄉服務，為偏鄉慢性病患的需求制定回診計畫。本研究主要以醫療照護需求面以及供給面之間的配置作為主題，根據病患在不同疾病的嚴重程度，區分該患者的回診頻率，同時考慮各個專業科別醫師可前往偏鄉服務的期數。藉由數學規劃進行醫師人力配置，在滿足病患需求之前提下，其所需要最少醫師人次，提供醫院具體的參考指標。透過研究結果可得知，各科醫師前往服務的期數列表與每位醫師被指派的頻率，為偏鄉慢性疾病患者帶來更完善的醫療資源。 ;The rapid development of science and technology have led to the improvement of medical technology. It also extends of human life. In recent years, both developed countries and developing countries are facing the phenomenon of aging population growth. And the demand of long-term care have become huger. Long-term care policies and care resource planning for the elder are important issues for these countries. There are many countries suffering from unfair distribution of medical and health resources. How to fairly distribute medical care resources have become an important issue within today′s long-term care policy. This study focuses on the allocation of medical resources which follow the background of today’s long-term care policy. When the country allocates resources, most of the resources are easily distributed in areas which density population, easier accessibility and high economic development. On the contrary, there are lack of resource in the remote areas. Therefore, the scope of this study focuses on the lack of medical resources in the remote areas. The implementation of policies and specific hospital collaboration doctor-arrangements service the patients who suffer from the chronic diseases in remote areas at a fixed time. The core of research is focusing on how to allocate the demand of care and the supply of caregiver. According to known severity of the patient classification refers the frequency of referral. Also, we consider the physician who can travel to the district for weeks to plan the resource allocation. This study uses mathematical programming to calculate the minimum number of physicians that need to satisfy with the whole demand of patients. The results show that each physician’s service week and the frequency of assignment.
