2011年的美國發明法大幅修正專利制度，並提供許多法律機制回應非實施專利實體之商業模式。本文之研究目的在於研究非實施專利實體在專利訴訟中是如何運作，並探討其在訴訟活動中所出現之問題。為了更深入了解美國發明法對非實施專利實體之影響，本文將從非實施專利實體之興起及其商業模式分析起，再觀察其訴訟行為和相關爭議。 本文採用實證方法對非實施專利實體之專利訴訟進行分析，並從LexMachina蒐集專利訴訟案件之資料。根據本文實證分析，美國發明法強化了行政程序上之救濟措施，以解決專利有效性之問題，對於目前NPEs濫用專利訴訟之情況將會有所改善。此外，美國發明法提高併案審理門檻之成果，似無法顯著的抑制NPEs濫訴行為，反而會造成法院專利訴訟案件量上升，加重法院負擔。 ;America Invents Act in 2011 makes a great amendment on the patent system and provides many legal provisions to target on NPEs. The major purpose of this study is to explore NPEs real operation in the patent litigations. In this paper, the issues that the NPEs′ litigation activities have shown will be thoroughly reviewed and discussed. To gain a better understanding of impacts on NPEs, this research will start with analyzing the rise of NPEs and their business models, observing their litigations behaviors and related disputes. This study applies the empirical approach in analyzing NPEs’ patent litigation, and collects patent litigation cases from LexMachina. According to this paper′s empirical analysis, the America Invents Act strengthens the administrative remedy in order to resolve the problem of the patent validity that will improve the circumstance which NPEs abuse the patent litigation. Also, the America Invents Act enhance the limitation of joinder of parties. It seems not significantly affect NPE′s patent litigation activities, but result in raising the patent litigation, and increasing burden of the courts.
