供應鏈協調已在許多研究中被廣泛的討論，部份的文獻假設其情境為風險中立的供應鏈成員。然而，風險態度除了中立態度之外，還有風險偏好與風險趨避兩種風險態度，單以風險中立態度是無法完整呈現供應鏈成員的行為。因此，在本研究中，我們在報童模型下討論當供應商面臨風險趨避零售商時，如何達成通路協調消弭雙邊際效應。為了達成供應鏈的協同合作，許多學者發展了許多協同機制，如:數量折扣、買回、數量彈性、營收分享合約等。 由於零售商承擔存貨風險，因此零售商對風險的感受會影響其所做的決定。一般而言，風險趨避的零售商在面對不確定需求的情形下，訂購量相較於風險中立的零售商較少。然而，較少的訂購量將使得供應商與零售商的獲利相對減少。 在本研究將探討銷售買回合約下，供應商提供合作機制給風險趨避零售商，依據零售商不同的風險趨避程度來探討買回合約，供應商提供合約給零售商以增加彼此利潤；所以當供應商面對風險趨避的零售商時，應考量其風險態度來訂定合約與決策。 ;Coordination of supply chain has been widely discussed in many research. Some of them only discussed the situation of risk-neutral agents. However, the assumption of risk-neutral seems to be inadequate for the supply chain in reality. Hence, in this study, we discussed the newsvendor model with risk-averse retailer. To eliminate the double marginalization, scholars extended many methods. Such as quantity discount, buyback, quantity flexibility, Sales-rebate and revenue sharing contracts and so on. As retailers bear the inventory and shortage risk, therefore retailer’s risk feelings will affect their decision made. Generally, the risk-averse retailer face with the case of uncertain demand, her order quantity will lower than risk-neutral retailer. However, lower order quantities will let supplier and retailer profit decreased. In this research, we discuss under buyback contract, supplier provide a cooperation mechanism to risk aversion retailers, based on different degree of risk aversion retailers to explore the extent of buyback contract, to discuss buyback contract re, suppliers offer a contract to retailers to increase profits each other. So when suppliers face a risk aversion retailers should consider the risk attitude to make the decision and design contract.
