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    Title: 開發高效能螯合與還原毒性汞之菌株及量產移汞蛋白質-metallothionein
    Authors: 陳師慶
    Contributors: 生命科學系 
    Keywords: ;生物復育;生物科學;環境科學
    Date: 2016-08-31
    Issue Date: 2016-10-11 17:53:06 (UTC+8)
    Publisher: 行政院環境保護署 
    Abstract: 毒性,長期過量接觸汞,有可能會導致胃腸道出血與潰瘍、神經系統及腎臟功 能損害、產生皮疹和皮炎,另外也會造成情緒波動、記憶力減退、精神障礙和肌肉無力等症 狀 (USEPA, 2013)。因此對於汞污染的整治一直是環境復育的前瞻性研究主題,而相較於物 理與化學整治方法,利用生物復育法 (Bioremediation) 進行環境污染整治是對環境最友善的 技術,且具高經濟效益、容易操作及較易受社會大眾接受等優點,此外生物降解較不會對環 境造成二次傷害。在汞汙染環境中,使用微生物結合現代環境分子生物技術可說是最具有潛 力的整治方法。然而,使用微生物清除汞污染場址時,所採用的菌種,除了要具有清除汞的 潛力外,更重要的是能存活並活躍的進行代謝活動。因此污染場址中的本土微生物 (indigenous strains) 將是進行汞污染土壤處理的最佳選擇菌株。但是如何利用分子生物學方 法將本土原生菌株建構成具有更強大之移除汞能力基因工程 (GE) 菌株,以離場方式來清除 汞汙染,是為本計畫主要目的。Metallothionein 這種蛋白質已被證實可螯合各種金屬,使金 屬能還原且固定於菌體中,因此,本計畫將轉殖 metallothionein 基因至 Psuedomonas sp.加強 其螯合及還原毒性汞之能力; Pseudomonas sp.是從本土汞汙染土壤分離出具有移除汞能力之 細菌。本團隊預期,經過基因轉殖後 Pseudomonas sp.移除汞的能力將會大幅增加,除可將毒 性汞還原成無毒性的元素汞之外,更可將汞還原螯合,防止其再度揮發,造成二次汙染。除 此之外,我們期許自菌體內大量分離純化 metallothionein,並評估直接利用蛋白質應用於汞 汙染土壤復育可能性。因此本計畫預期目標為: (1) 基因工程菌應用於離場生物復育;(2) 大 量量產 metallothionein 蛋白質,評估應用於現地生物復育可能性。 本研究團隊執行「104 年度土壤及地下水污染整治基金補(捐)助技術開發及模場試驗專 案工作」之整治復育計畫 -「汞汙染土壤之二階段式生物復育技術開發」,已經針對南部某一 處遭受汞污染場址之土壤初步進行微生物族群的探討,並且從該場址的樣本中培養出數株可 清除汞的微生物,並對篩選分離出之清除汞的本土微生物進行完整分析探討,今年度主要將 著重於針對這些菌株進行改良成一更具移除汞之 (GE) 菌種,能夠抵抗更高高毒性汞,且不 會造成環境汙染之安全性菌種。該類菌種若能建立成功,未來,有助於實際應用於污染土壤。 本研究計畫之具體研究內容為: (1) 本土菌株與基因工程菌株對清除汞效率與條件之詳細評 估 (2) 建立基因工程菌與量產 metallothionein 之平台 (3) 在實驗室建立模場規模之研究,進 行基因工程菌株與 metallothionein 對清除汞污染之生物復育評估。 ;Mercury is reported as highly toxic. Exposure to mercury may lead to dysfunction of kidney, memory loss, irrigation, skin disease. Therefore, control and remediation of contamination of Mercury are very critical issues in environmental protection. Compared to physical or chemical processes, biological remediation (microbial bioremediation and phytoremediation) are more economy and environmental friendly approaches and also more acceptable by general public. Bioremediation of mercury by microbial degradation in association with the molecular environmental biotechnology is a very promising approach. Therefore, indigenous strains of microorganisms isolated from mercury contaminated site will be the best candidates for microbial remediation of mercury. We have isolated various strains of microorganisms from the previous study funded by “Soil and Groundwater Remediation Fund Management Board, Environmental Protection Administration, Executive Yuan” – “Screening and study of indigenous microorganisms from mercury contaminated soil for bioremediation application”. These indigenous microorganisms will be excellent candidates to develop bioremediation approach for mercury contaminated area in situ. We hope to continue from the results obtained from previous study to increase the ability of mercury removal of these microorganisms by the molecular methods, and apply to bioremediation of mercury. The specific aims of this study are to (1) evaluate and characterize of the ability of mercury degradation by engineering microorganisms isolates and metallothionein; (2) grow mercury removal microorganisms by lab scale fermentation; (3) develop the model of bioremediation of mercury contaminated soils by engineering microorganisms and metallothionein with pilot scale model in the lab.  ;研究期間:10501 ~ 10512
    Relation: 財團法人國家實驗研究院科技政策研究與資訊中心
    Appears in Collections:[Department of Life Science] Research Project

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