學術科學研究是產業廠商創新的重要知識來源。近年來觀察到，廠商的專利引用科學文獻的趨勢愈來愈顯著，表示產業創新與學術科學之間的連結，愈來愈緊密。而此連結程度增強，是否顯著影響台灣電子業廠商的生產力，或廠商對專利維護的機率。此為本論文的研究目的。 在第二章中，本研究利用台灣2004-2008年的上市電子產業廠商的美國核准專利資料，建立panel data，來探討廠商的專利與學術科學上的關聯，是否會影響廠商的生產力表現。先前研究指出，從學術界到產業的知識外溢，對廠商的創新能力有顯著影響。然而，專利的科學連結對廠商生產力的影響之相關研究仍較缺乏。我們利用廠商的流動性限制當作工具變數，處理專利科學引用的內生性問題。實證結果指出，專利的科學引用對廠商總要素生產力有顯著正向影響。 在第三章中，我們探討廠商專利與科學知識的連結，是否提升專利的技術價值，使得廠商願意繼續維護專利的有效性。實證分析中，本文的研究對象為1990年至1996年，25家台灣電子業上市公司的652個專利資料。我們考慮專利科學引用的內生性問題，採用Ordered Probit Model兩階段工具變數估計法，探討專利的科學引用，對專利維護機率之影響。實證結果發現，廠商的落後6期現金，是適當的工具變數。而且科學引用會增加專利的價值，進而增加專利維護機率。可是，此一影響效果，會隨著專利維護次數的增加而遞減。 ;Academic science is important knowledge sources of industrial innovation. The trend of patent’s scientific citation has become more and more significant recently. It means that the linkage between industrial innovation and academic science becomes more closely. It would be interesting to see if the increase in scientific linkage between academia and the private sector brings about contributions to firm productivity, or raising the willingness of firms to continuously maintain the effectiveness of patents. In Chapter 2, we using 2004-2008 panel data on electronics firms listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange. This paper explores the spillover of scientific research to the private sector by looking at the impact of sources of a patent’s backward citation on a firm’s productivity. Previous studies show that knowledge spillovers from academia to industry have an impact on firms’ abilities of innovation. However, there is not much research regarding how the citations of scientific publications by a patent affect the patent-owning firm’s productivity. To identify the causal effect, we use measures of a firm’s liquidity constraints as instrumental variables to account for potential endogeneity bias. The empirical results suggest that the citing of scientific publications by a patent is positively associated with the patent-owning firm’s productivity. In Chapter 3, we explores the issue in which whether the scientific knowledge linkage increases the technological value of patent which in turn raises the willingness of firms to continuously maintain the effectiveness of patents. The data of empirical analysis includes 652 patents of 25 electronics firms during the period from 1990 to 1996. We adopt two stage instrumental variable estimation method of the Ordered Probit Model to consider the endogenous problem of scientific citation of patent. Our empirical results indicate that the cash of lagged 6th year is an appropriate instrumental variable. Also, scientific linkage significantly enhances the probability of patent renewal. However, such influence will decrease as the number of patent renewal increases.
