隨著科技的進步，乾電池的使用越來越普遍，也讓乾電池的進口量逐年上升，然而乾電池是由化學物質所構成，為必須妥善處理的廢棄物，如果沒有妥善的處理，會對環境造成危害，早期沒有把乾電池做妥善的處理，不僅僅破壞了環境，也對人體造成了無法挽回的傷害，近年來，政府推動廢乾電池的回收，妥善回收乾電池的觀念已經被大眾所了解，使回收成效顯著，使廢乾電池的回收率超越歐盟訂立的的目標，如何將大量被回收的廢乾電池妥善並有效益的處理，是一個很重要的課題。 在環保意識抬頭之下，任何廢棄物都會被拿來探討是否可以回收再利用，廢電池也其中之ㄧ，因此，逆向供應鏈概念就被提出，衍伸出逆物流網路問題，本研究著重於台灣廢電池之逆物流網路問題，考量運輸成本、處理成本、產能上限等情況下，利用混合整數規劃進行求解，並藉由情境設計，進行分析。本研究發現，現存台灣的廢電池處理廠是擁有產能以處理台灣本身產生的廢乾電池，除了特殊種類的廢乾電池外，是不需要進行境外處理的；另外，處理批量對利潤影響甚鉅，需要好好訂立最小處理批量大小，才不會造成過多的成本浪費，本研究可得到在不同的設置成本下的最佳批量；在政府補貼費率的方面，本研究求得補貼費率的損益平衡點，可以提供出一個訂立補貼費率的參考，但處理費率的訂立，還是需要多方探討；綜合以上，本研究探討台灣廢電池回收產業的價值分析，得到了產業的現況。廢乾電池回收廠讓廢乾電池不僅僅是需要妥善處理的廢棄物，是可以回收再利用的，是有其回收價值與利潤的。最後，本研究所探討的對象，並不只限於廢乾電池，如其他處理流程屬於階層式網路架構者，在具有一定的資料下，亦可進行分析。;With the rapid development of technology, dry cell batteries are commonly used products found in every electrical and electronic products which are imported in an increasingly fashion. If not handled properly, these batteries pose a serious threat to humanity as they contain harmful substances that can pollute our environment. In recent years, government regulations has included the recycling of spent dry cells to make the public aware of the detrimental effects of unintelligent battery disposal. How to exceed to the objective of EU in recovering the wastes batteries and how large their capacities for treatment in a cost-effective manner are the crucial issues here. Environmental protection has been known and extensively studied nowadays. Each and every waste must be explored for possible recycling. In this case, there is a need of developing a reverse logistics network for these spent batteries. This thesis focuses on Taiwan’s issue of waste batteries reverse logistic network. Considering the transportation and processing costs, and capacity limit, this study uses a mixed integer programming model to solve the problem. Results of this study show that Taiwan’s existing processing plants has the capacity to deal with the spent dry cells. Except for special kind of batteries, the processing plants no longer need to transport these dry cells abroad for treatment. Also, the impact of batch processing to the profit is logarithmic, thus a minimum lot size must be set up. In terms of government subsidy rates, this research has determined the break-even subsidized rate. Furthermore, this study can also be conducted to other types of processing such as hierarchical network architecture.
Keywords: Spent dry cell batteries, Reverse logistics, Green supply chain, Sustainable development
