資訊與通信技術（Information and Communication Technology, ICT）的普及可帶動經濟成長、提升生產力和競爭力，又網際網路（Internet）和電子商務（E-Commerce）係廠商在生產或經營上主要使用的創新資訊與通信技術，因此，哪些因素可加速網際網路和電子商務技術擴散，殊值探討。 本研究使用2001年和2006年行政院主計處工商及服務業普查資料，探討影響臺灣製造產業網際網路和電子商務技術擴散之因素，並驗證產業群聚（industrial cluster）和社會學習（social learning）的影響力。實證結果發現，產業群聚和社會學習可加速網際網路擴散，然二者對電子商務技術擴散無顯著效果；研究發展投入、人力資本存量、廠商規模和外人投資對網際網路擴散有正向顯著的影響，然在電子商務技術擴散的部分，僅有研究發展投入和廠商規模具正向顯著效果。 因此，本研究獲得三點政策啟示：（1）協助或補貼網際網路使用率低但聚集程度高之產業的廠商使用網際網路，以帶動鄰近地區對網際網路的使用。（2）協助網際網路或電子商務技術採用率較低之產業或小規模廠商，建置相關軟、硬體設備，並提供員工訓練課程，降低技術導入風險和成本，同時積累產業知識及人力資本存量，加速創新技術擴散。（3）營造有利外國投資者的環境，將有助於網際網路擴散。 Extensive adoption of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) has made a contribution to economic growth, productivity growth and competition. The Internet and E-Commerce are main technological innovations which firms adopt in production and management. This thesis intends to explore the factors shaping the speed of diffusion of Internet and E-Commerce and test the effects of industrial cluster and social learning by using Industry, Commerce and Service Census in 2001 and 2006. Our empirical results support that industrial cluster and social learning can increase the speed of diffusion of Internet, but not E-Commerce. Besides, investments of R&D, knowledge embedded in human, firm size and foreign direct investments have significant positive impacts on the diffusion of Internet, but only investments of R&D and firm size make a significant contribution to the diffusion of E-Commerce. According to the above empirical results, we can make three suggestions to policy inducing the diffusion of new technology. First, the government can subsidize the firms in industries which concentrate on a specific geographic area and have low Internet adoption rates to adopt the Internet. Second, helping the industries which have low technological adoption rates or small firms buy the hard and soft ICT equipments and providing the labor training can reduce the risk and cost of Internet or E-Commerce adoption, and increase the knowledge embedded in research and human at the same time. Finally, building a nice environment appealing to foreign investors may increase the diffusion of Internet. Keywords:
