| 摘要: | 從前公司主要集中於生產成本的考量，也就是盡可能地減少成本的花費，以此來增加他們的利潤，然而環境變動,如策略也隨之改變了，所以如何將供應鏈營業成本減到最小和最大化供應鏈利潤成為了企業主要目標。再加上消費者對品質的重視，故產品品質和節省成本越來越重要。而外包也是一種使企業增加他們的利潤戰略，它的意思為:保留核心能力，非核心能力的部分交給其他更有專業的公司來負責。因此為了獲得更多利潤，企業必須考慮將產品外包給更專業的製造商，並且當企業決定外包數量時，必須考量製造商在品質上的學習效果。 在本文裡, 我們將從需求談論學習作用和產品品質之間的關係,意味著比較好的產品品質會帶來更高的產品價格和更多需求數量。由決策面來看, 企業的外包數量影響製造商的學習作用, 帶來產品的更好的品質。在需求端,假設更好的品質將會提高我們的保留價格，進而使產品價格提高，購買數量增加。最後我們分析這樣關係在二個連貫銷售期間以及多期，同時求出使企業利潤最大化的最佳外包數量。 In the past, companies mostly focused on production costs. They increased their profit by cutting down costs. Due to the environmental changes, the strategy has been changed. To minimize supply chain operating cost and to maximize supply chain profits have become the main goals. In addition, the consciousness of the consumers makes them care more about quality, and the product quality and cost saving are more and more important. Therefore, outsourcing meaning “Keeping the core specialty, leaving behind the others.” has been regarded as one of the strategies for enterprises to increase their profit. Moreover, in order to obtain more profits, the enterprise has to take the manufacturer’s learning effect on product quality into consideration when the enterprise decides the outsourcing quantity. The learning effect on the product quality during the manufacturing process draws less attention. In this paper, we discuss the relation between the learning effect and the product quality from the demand side, which shows that better product quality results in higher product price and more demand quantity. In the decision end, the outsourcing quantity of an enterprise affects the learning effect of the committed manufacturer, which brings better quality of the products. In the demand end, through the reservation price distribution, the quality affects the consumers’ interests in the product and reservation prices they are willing to pay for the product. We analyze such relation within two consecutive sale periods and then extend it to multi-periods. The optimal quantities in consecutive periods and multi-periods are then determined to maximize the profits of the enterprise. |
