| 摘要: | 本研究將在不同的揀貨區域設計、與不同的「顧客選取貨品送達時間的選擇」模式之下，就如HomeGrocer.com或Webvan.com等電子零售商的貨品揀取與處理問題，加以探討並設計其有效的解決方法。HomeGrocer.com或Webvan.com皆是所謂「網路上的超級市場」，由於販賣的東西與經營模式的不同，他們的貨品揀取及處理問題，也有別於傳統物流中心或其他不同性質的電子零售商(如：Amazone.com)。近年來，由於網路科技的進步，個人電腦的普及，與上網的方便性等因素，成就了今日電子商務的發達。至今，已有許多公司加入電子商務的行列，他們均希望藉著電子商務來提昇其競爭力。在這一波電子商務革命中，首先興起的是如Amazon.com與eToy.com等B2C電子零售商。比起傳統有實體店面的零售商，這些無實體商店的電子零售商，雖然可以節省許多與實體店面經營有關的成本，但卻有其獨特的經營管理問題。例如：網頁的維護與更新、貨品揀取與包裝作業、貨品運送、與相關的後勤管理等問題。雖然最近網路電子商店的流行似乎有退燒的現象，甚至有些網路公司因經營不善而倒閉，但吾人相信這是個去蕪存菁的階段，具有創新力、競爭力、與成本效率的公司，將會繼續生存與成長。根據過去的研究=V指出，電子零售商有很大部份的成本是起源於貨品的揀取與處理操作；因此，提昇其貨品揀取與處理操作的效率，是電子零售商提昇其競爭力與降低成本的有效方法之一。另一方面，不同性質的電子零售商，由於所販售的商品項目或經營模式的不同，其貨品揀取與處理問題也會有所差異。例如：Amazon.com與HomeGrocer.com所面對的貨品揀取與處理問題將不完全相同，這是因為HomeGrocer.Com販賣的東西包括生鮮食品，所以在揀貨時、以及揀貨後的包裝運送過程，都需特別注意食品新鮮度，這個考量將影響其貨品揀取與處理的方法。 In this research, we are going to investigate the order picking and processing problems of an e-tailer company like HomeGrocer.com or Webvan.com under different order-picking area designs and different delivery-time slot selection modes. Different order picking and processing methods will be proposed. In recent years, due to the development of internet and computer technologies, a new way of doing business over internet has emerged. And, this also leads to the birth of E-Commerce. The first batch of internet companies includes those B2C e-tailers like Amazon.com and eToy.com. Unlike traditional retailers like Wal-Mart or K-Mark, e-tailers do not have physical retailer stores. As a result, e-tailers save a lot of money that has to do with the operations of physical stores. Despite of this advantage, e-tailers have their own unique problems. For example, an e-tailer has to maintain its web page and make sure the information on the web page is updated accurately. In addition, an e-tailer has to pick the merchant items in every order and ship them to customers. Many companies have joined the rank of e-commerce companies over the past few years. They might have done so for different reasons. But, one can all be sure that they expect to boost their competitive advantage through e-commerce. Recently, it seems that the enthusiasm for e-commerce has subsided because of the closure of many internet companies. Some people begin to doubt whether conducting business is really the way of the future. However, we believe these unsuccessful stories is part of the selection process in which the best, strongest, and the most competitive companies will survive and continue to grow. For e-tailers, there are many ways that they can do to increase their competitiveness. One of them is to cut down their operation costs. Researchers have showed that a large percentage of cost of an e-tailer is due to the order picking, processing, and shopping operations. Furthermore, many factors can cause the ordering picking and processing problem of an e-tailer to be different from that of another e-tailer. For example, HomeGrocer.com offers fresh meat and produce to its customers, but not Amazone.com. It is obvious that HomeGrocer.com has to ensure that the freshness of its products will not be sacrificed in its order picking, but not Amazone.com. |
